In the previous issue of H&E, we presented evidence that receptors on the outside of cells (membrane receptors) are much more receptive to some man-made molecules than the better-studied nuclear receptors. In this case the sceptical conclusion is false, even if the significance of the consequences is not yet clear.

In this post, we will see why the swamping argument is unsound, even in cases where an EDC has a much lower affinity for a receptor than does a natural hormone, and examine why this means standard toxicological testing protocols are worthless for assessing harm from ED effects. Go to article.